Fertilizer questions?

You will want to have a plot specially for the strawberries, since they are perennials and will still be there next year. You don't want to have to till them up in order to plant anything else. Most all of the others on your list will grow together or in close proximity except that the two squashes need lots of room and the vines cover the ground densely enough that not much else will grow through them. If you plant bush beans you will need nothing more than a possible stake here and there to support them. In addition to the dogs, you will want to fence out deer, rabbits, raccoons, etc. if they cause problems. Most of the plants you listed do best with a balanced fertilizer blend and you can best determine the amounts by purchasing a little home soil test kit from the garden store. It will tell you how to test and what to do (how much of each element you need to add). If you have access to some compost or rotted farm animal manure, by all means work as much as you can get into the soil prior to planting. About the only thing I can add is all those plants like plenty of sun and water and none of them like weeds, so while it's not necessary, mulch can help. Enjoy.